饲粮赖氨酸水平对泌乳母猪生产性能、血清指标和乳成分的影响

Effects of Dietary Lysine Level on Performance,Serum Indices and Milk Composition of Lactating Sows

本试验旨在探讨不同赖氨酸水平的低蛋白质氨基酸平衡饲粮对泌乳母猪生产性能、血清指标和乳成分的影响。选用3~5胎次、体况相似、预产期相近的60头“长＆#215;大”二元杂交母猪,随机分成4个组,每组15头母猪,分别饲喂总赖氨酸水平分别为0.90%、0.95%、1.00%和1.05%的4种低蛋白质氨基酸平衡饲粮,并按相同的氨基酸平衡模式添加其他4种氨基酸,泌乳期21 d。结果表明：1）0.90%组和0.95%组仔猪断奶窝均增重、平均日增重均显著高于1.00%组和1.05%组（P〈0.05）；0.90%组母猪体重损失显著高于其他3组（P〈0.05）,各组间平均日采食量、断奶发情间隔和下一胎总产仔数差异不显著（P〉0.05）。2）各组间血清尿素氮和葡萄糖含量差异不显著（P〉0.05）,0.90%组和0.95%组血清雌二醇、胰岛素含量显著高于1.00%组和1.05%组（P〈0.05）；0.90%组和0.95%组血清赖氨酸、苏氨酸、缬氨酸和必需氨基酸含量显著低于1.00%组和1.05%组（P〈0.05）。3）0.90%组和0.95%组乳蛋白质含量显著高于1.05%组（P ＆lt;0.05）,0.90%组和0.95%组乳总固形物含量显著高于1.00%组和1.05%组（P〈0.05）。由此可见,在低蛋白质氨基酸平衡饲粮条件下,饲粮赖氨酸水平为0.90%~0.95%时泌乳母猪能获得较好的生产性能。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different lysine level in low-protein diets on performance, serum indices and milk composition of lactating sows based on ideal dietary amino acid pat-tern. Sixty crossbred （ Large White ＆#215; Landrace） sows with 3 to 5 parity, similar body condition and parturition dates were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups with 15 sows per group, and the lactation period was 21 days. Four groups of sows were fed four low-protein diets with different lysine levels of 0 . 90%, 0 . 95%, 1. 00% and 1. 05%, respectively, and added synthetic amino acids based on the same digestible amino acid pattern. The results showed as follows： 1） weaning litter weight gain and average daily gain in 0. 90% and 0 . 95% groups were significantly higher than those in 1 . 00% and 1 . 05% groups （ P〈0 . 05 ）;the sow weight loss in 0 . 90% group was significantly higher than that in the other groups （ P〈0 . 05 ） , but there were no sig-nificant differences in average daily feed intake, weaning to estrus interval and subsequent litter size among 4 groups （ P〉0 . 05 ） . 2 ） There were no significant differences in the contents of urea nitrogen and glucose in serum among 4 groups （ P〉0 . 05 ） , the contents of serum estradiol and insulin in 0 . 90% and 0 . 95% groups were significantly higher than those in 1. 00% and 1. 05% groups （P〈0. 05）; the contents of serum lysine, threonine, valine and essential amino acids in 0. 90% and 0. 95% groups were significantly lower than those in 1 . 00% and 1 . 05% groups （ P〈0 . 05 ） . 3 ） The milk total protein content in 0 . 90% and 0 . 95% groups was significantly higher than that in 1 . 05% group （ P ＆lt;0 . 05 ） , the milk solids content in 0 . 90% and 0 . 95%groups was significantly higher than that in 1. 00% and 1. 05% groups （P〈0. 05）. In conclusion, based on low-protein diets with ideal amine acid patter, the lactating sows can get the optimal performance when dietary lysine level is 0. 90% to 0. 95%.