超导纳米线单光子探测技术进展

Recent progress on superconducting nanowire single photon detector

超导纳米线单光子探测技术自2001年出现以来,已经成为超导电子学领域的一个热点研究方向.作为一种新型的单光子探测技术,其具有探测效率高、暗计数低、时间抖动小、计数率高、响应频谱宽、电路简单等优势,综合性能在近红外波段已经明显超越传统的半导体探测技术,成为一种主流的单光子探测技术.本文从应用基础角度出发,对超导纳米线单光子探测器件的材料、器件工艺、性能、系统集成以及前沿应用等进行介绍,并对国际上该领域研究未来的发展趋势进行探讨.

Since the first report on superconducting nanowire single photon detector （SNSPD） in 2001, it has turned to be a ＇hotspot＇ in superconducting electronics. As a novel single photon detector （SPD）, SNSPD outperforms the traditional semiconducting SPDs in near infrared wavelength with high detection efficiency, low dark count rate, low timing jitter, high counting rate, wide response waveband and simple circuit etc. In this review we give a brief introduction of materials, fabrication process, properties, system integration and frontierapplications of SNSPD from the point of view of application, and also discuss the challenge and future development trend of this field.