基于功能派翻译理论的委婉语英译模式研究——以霍译《红楼梦》为例

A Functionalism Approach to the Model of Euphemism Translation in Hong Luo Meng Based on David Hawkes' Translation Version

霍克斯在《红楼梦》的委婉语翻译过程中使用了多种策略,这些策略都可以在功能翻译理论中找到依据。霍克斯的翻译诉求表现在尽责于作者、尽责于读者并尽责于文本的"译者三责"。为达意旨,霍克斯采用了化"它形"为"己形"的策略;对东西方文化意象迥异的委婉语,霍克斯使用零翻译或模糊替代的翻译策略;对具有"文化空白"的委婉语,霍克斯采用了形象替代、扩展式注释、直译等翻译策略。霍克斯所采用的翻译策略着眼于缩短读者与译文在文化和语言上的距离,强化译文的连贯性和可读性,使其更好地满足西方读者的需要,同时也有利于《红楼梦》的普及和传播。

Based on functionalism, this thesis explores the translation strategies David Hawkes adopts while translating euphemisms in Honk Lou Meng. Hawkes maintains that a translator has a duty to his author, a duty to his reader and a duty to the text. The findings of the research are as follows. Firstly, a transformation of style and sentence structure has been employed with the purpose of conveying the meaning effectively. Then, when dealing with euphemisms connoting differently in western and eastern culture, omission and substitution have been used. Finally, image transformation, explanation added in text and literal translation can be proper methods used to translate euphemisms that are culture-loaded words and do not exist in the West. The model of euphemism translation employed by Hawkes bridges the cultural gap between the original text and target readers, and enhances the coherence and readability of his translation. Not only can it satisfy readers＇ needs, it also can popularize the original text to the West.