载人航天器气闸舱气体复用技术现状及展望

Latest Development of Airlock Gas Recovery Technology for Manned Spacecrafts

气体复用技术是对载人航天器气闸舱泄复压技术的继承和发展,它的出现改变了过去泄复压操作对气体资源的浪费,意义重大。文章综述了气体复用技术,结合国际空间站该技术的应用情况,介绍了气体复用系统的基本构成及设计,建立了气体复用技术不同阶段的数学模型。经飞行试验验证,所建立的数学模型能正确描述气体复用技术,可应用于空间站气闸舱及月球基地气闸舱的气体复用。为了全面验证气体复用技术,应搭建地面试验平台,文章对气体复用技术的地面试验方法做了简要阐述,最后指出空间站气体复用技术工程化过程中应解决的若干问题。

The latest progress in the development of airlock gas recovery technology for the manned spacecrafts was tentatively reviewed, and exemplified by the successful applications to the International Space Station and to the Shenzhou Seven. The discussions focused on three major topics： i） . The airlock gas recovery technology, including the basic configuration and design methodology; ii}. The physical models for all the stages in air-depressing and air-repressing; and iii）. The validation of the physical models with the flight test results, reported in the literature, and with the experimental data in the ground-simulation. The development trends, technical problems and possible solutions of the airlock gas recovery technology were also briefly discussed in a thought-provoking way.