护理干预对胎儿神经管畸形孕妇引产前后焦虑心理的应用效果

Application effect of nursing intervention on anxiety of pregnant women with fetal neural tube malformation before and after induced labor

目的 探讨护理干预对胎儿神经管畸形孕妇引产前后焦虑心理缓解作用.方法 选取经AFP检测及三维超声检查胎儿神经管畸形的孕11 ～24w孕妇24例,随机分成干预组和对照组,每组12例.通过护理干预让孕妇了解导致胎儿神经管畸形的因素,减轻心理焦虑.采用焦虑自评量表（SAS）和抑郁自评量表测试（SDS）分别评测产妇入院第2天晨7：40（T）、分娩前1d晨7：40（T2）、分娩前3 h（T3）、分娩结束即刻（T4）和引产后第2天晨7：40（T5）的焦虑和抑郁程度.结果 与对照组比较,干预组的焦虑和抑郁评分在T2、T3、T4和T5均明显低于对照组（P＜0.05）；且与Tl比较,对照T2、T3、T4和T5时间的SAS和SDS评分均有所增高（P＜0.05）,而干预组不同时间的SAS和SDS评分无显著差异.结论 护理干预对胎儿神经管畸形孕妇引产前后焦虑心理缓解具有显著改善作用,使孕妇了解胎儿神经管畸形的形成因素,了解下次怀孕时需要注意的事项,对提高出生人口素质发挥积极的作用,值得在临床进一步的推广与应用.

Objective To discuss the relaxation effect of nursing intervention on anxiety of pregnant women with fetal neural tube malformation before and after induced labor..Methods Totaled of 24 pregnant women with fetal neural tube malformation undergoing AFP detection and three-dimensional ultrasound detection were selected and randomly divided into intervention group and control group with 12 cases in each.Through nursing intervention pregnant women understood the factors of leading to fetal neural tube malformation to reduce anxiety.SAS and SDS were used to assess anxiety and depress on the second day when hospitalization,1 day and 3 hours before delivery,delivery end immediately and the second day after delivery.Results Compared with control group,the scores of anxiety and depress of intervention group were all lower （P ＜ 0.05）,the scores of SAS and SDS were all rose,while there was no difference in the intervention group.Conclusions Nursing intervention can ease anxiety significantly,make the pregnant women understand the factors of fetal neural tube malformation and the next time pregnancy matters needing attention.It was worth clinical further popularization and application.