影响护士离职的管理方因素的质性研究

Reasons for Clinical Nurses' Dimission from the Management Perspective:A Qualitative Study

目的探讨影响护士离职的管理方因素,从而进行有针对性的改革,以消除护士产生离职意愿的管理方因素。方法采用质性研究中现象学研究的方法,对2011年1月至2012年6月广东省妇幼保健院护理部38名主动离职的护士进行深度访谈。结果导致护士产生离职意愿的管理方因素主要有:个人职业发展前景和工作价值感,角色适应不良和角色冲突,工作胜任力和工作压力不匹配,未注重以人为本的民主化管理。结论护理管理者应根据不同层次护理人员的需求建立合理的职业发展、层级培训、绩效考核、分层级管理和激励机制,促进护士个人综合素质的发展,提高护士的工作满意度,从而提升护士的工作意愿,稳定护理队伍。

Objective To investigate reasons for clinical nurses＇ dimission from the management perspective and provide useful advice for developing interventions to prevent nurses＇ dimission. Methods Using qualitative research method, a total of 38 voluntary turnover nurses were interviewed. Results Factors associated with nurses＇ turnover from management perspective include nurse career development prospects and job values, nurse role adaptation and role conflict, work competence and unmatched working pressure, nurse-oriented democratic management. Conclusion Nursing managers should make corresponding career development plans, hierarchy training projects, performance assessment, hierarchy and nurse-oriented democratic management mechanism to promote the development of the personal comprehensive ability of nurses according to different levels of nursing staff, thus to improve the nurse＇s job satisfaction level, enhance the nurse＇s willness for work, and also stabilize the nursing team.