微通道经皮肾镜碎石治疗输尿管上段嵌顿性结石

Treatment of impacted upper ureteral calculi with minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy

目的探讨微通道经皮肾镜碎石术对治疗输尿管上段嵌顿性结石的有效性和安全性。方法分析2008年1月—2013年3月微通道经皮肾镜气压弹道碎石治疗265例输尿管上段嵌顿性结石患者的临床资料,对碎石率、排石率和并发症等进行分析。结果本组265例患者一次性结石取净率为90.9%(241/265),二次结石取净率为100%,术后发生大出血1例,发热24例,无其他并发症。结论微通道经皮肾镜碎石术治疗输尿管上段嵌顿性结石疗效确切、清石率高,是治疗输尿管上段结石安全、有效的方法,对合并肾积脓的患者更具有优势。

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy for treatment of impacted upper ureteral calculi and its safety. Methods Form January 2008 to March 2013, 265 patients （ 183 males and 82 females, with an av- erage age of 48.4 years ） with impacted upper ureteral calculi were treated with minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy （pneumatic lithotripsy）. Their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. Results The rate of stone clearance for the first time was 90.9% （241/265） , and that for the second time was 100%. Urinary tract infection after operation was seen in 24 patients, and bleeding occurred in one. No other complications occurred. Conclusion Minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy is a highly effective and safe therapy for treatment of impacted upper ureteral calculi.