室内外灰尘中多氯联苯的质量分数及人体健康风险评估

Risk Assessment of Human Exposure to Polychlorinated Biphenyls via Indoor and Outdoor Dust

分析了湖南某国道附近室内外灰尘中的多氯联苯（polychlorinated biphenyls, PCBs）浓度.其中室内∑PCBs浓度为156-507ng/g，中位值为362ng/g；室外灰尘中∑PCBs浓度为106-955ng/g，中位值为406ng/g.室内外灰尘中PCBs都是以Penta-PCBs和Hexa-PCBs为主.人体健康风险评估的结果显示：在采用高风险斜率因子时，人体通过摄取灰尘中PCBs的致癌风险取值范围为1.28-2.97×10-7，中位值为2.31×10-7；在采用中风险斜率因子时，取值范围为6.38×10-8-1.49×10-7，中位值为1.16×10-7，皆低于可接受的风险水平（1×10-6）.

The polychlorinated biphenyls （PCBs） in indoor and outdoor dust around the traffic road in Hunan Province were sampled and detected. The ∑PCBs in indoor dust ranged from 156-507ng/g, with a median of 362ng/g, and the ∑PCBs in outdoor dust ranged from 106-955ng/g, with a median of 406ng/g. Similar pattern of PCBs was observed in indoor and outdoor dust, which was dominated by Penta-PCBs and Hexa-PCBs. Risk assessment showed that cancer risk of human exposure to PCBs via dust varied from 1.28-2.97×10-7, with a median of 2.31×10-7, when the high slope factor was employed, and the risk ranged from 6.38×10-8-1.49×10-7, with a median of 1.16×10-7,when the central slope factor was employed. All of the risk values were below the acceptable risk level （1×10-6）, which may indicate the relative safety of the present environment.