湿地泥沙环境动态评估方法及其应用研究——(Ⅱ)应用

Dynamic environmental assessment for wetland sediments——(Ⅱ) Application

以 1 994年和 1 995年对深圳湾潮间带湿地沉积物进行的基线调查结果为基础 ,结合 1 996年至 1 999年间每年于 1、4、7、1 0月对该湿地 9个采样点的沉积物和底栖动物的 2 0次定期采样结果进行分析 ,得出了深圳湾湿地 1 996年以来的环境质量变化状况 .评价结果表明 ,深圳福田一侧的环境质量状况保持良好 ,而香港米埔一侧的环境质量则发生了一定程度的退化 .

The application of the dynamic environmental quality assessment method to inter\|tidal wetland is presented through a case study in an ideal place bordering Shenzhen and Hong Kong where several ecological sensitive areas are located and rapid urbanization with enhanced human activities have taken place.The community structure of benthic macroinvertebrates in wetland sediments was used to estimate the environmental status of wetland,in which the impacts of natural environemntal factors are fully taken into consideration.The baseline survey was conducted during 1994 and 1995 for sediments in inter\|tidal wetland of Deep Bay.Regular sampling of sediments and macroinvertebrates was carried out in 9 sampling sites in January,April,July and October annually during 1996 and 1999 and nearly 20 sets of sample data were obtained.Using the dynamic environmental assessment for wetland sediments,the variation of environmental quality of wetland in Deep Bay since 1996 was evaluated with the comparison of the monitored data acquired in two important national and international reserves in recent years and the baseline data.The assessment revealed that environmental quality at the Futian national natural reserve on Shenzhen side is maintained in a good status,whilst certain deterioration occurred at Mai Po on Hong Kong side.Differences of heavy metal accumulations in Futian and Mai Po were found,which were possibly relevant to the different dynamic variations on both sides.Comparison of the present assessment method with the conventional ICI method shows that both methods result in similar conclusions,but the former has many advantages over the latter.