金枪鱼延绳钓船混合动力推进系统研究与分析

Study and analysis on tuna longliner hybrid power system

渔业节能减排和保护环境对促进国家海洋经济发展将起到重要作用。与传统的船舶动力系统相比,混合动力推进系统的电力推进具有调速范围广、驱动力大、易于正反转、体积小、布局灵活、安装方便、便于维修、振动和噪音小等优点。金枪鱼延绳钓船在作业时间内,主机处于低转速低负荷运行状态,燃油消耗率升高,出现积炭,导致增压器背压增加,可能引起喘振;主机受最低稳定转速限制,易造成航速忽快忽慢,不利于生产作业。根据金枪鱼延绳钓船作业方式和特点,提出分段驱动并联结构机电混合动力推进系统应用于金枪鱼延绳钓船,形成机电混合推进系统,降低了金枪鱼延绳钓船在航行及作业工况下对主机的依赖性,提高船舶推进系统冗余度,提高船舶放钓、收钓作业工况下的操纵灵活性,大幅度提高船舶操纵性和综合推进效率。通过经济适用性和环境保护性指标体系分析,与常规金枪鱼延绳钓船相比较,在放钓、巡钓和收钓作业等相同工况下,综合耗油量降低20%,系统可靠性,安全性和综合推进效率有一定提高。

ishery energy-saving and environmental protection play an important role in promoting the development of marine economy. Compared with traditional marine power system, hybrid propulsion system has some advantages, such as, wide speed range, strong driving force, easy positive inversion, small volume, flexible layout, convenient installation and maintenance, low vibration and noise. When tuna longliner is working, the main engine is in the low speed and low load operation conditions. It will cause higher specific fuel consumption and carbon deposition. Then the back pressure of turbocharger will increase, and the surge will be caused in the end. In addition, the main engine is limited by minimum stable engine speed. Suddenly quick and slow speed is not conducive to the production. According to the methods and characteristics of tuna longliner, a kind of electromechanical hybrid propulsion system is presented in this paper. Sectional drive parallel electrical hybrid propulsion structure is used in this system. It can reduce the dependence on main engine when tuna longliner sails or works. The redundancy of propulsion system can be improved, as well as the operating flexibility. The ship maneuverability and integrated propulsion efficiency can be promoted significantly. Through the analysis of the economic and environmental protection index, compared with the conventional hybrid tuna longliner, the general fuel consumption can reduce by 20% under the same condition in shooting, cruising and reeling. Also the system reliability, safety and comprehensive propulsion efficiency are improved.