我国铁人三项运动员年度训练特征研究

Research on the Annual Training Features of Chinese Triathletes

铁人三项运动在我国面临着竞技水平低、参训单位和运动员少、社会关注度低等问题。研究通过跟踪观察、访谈、文献资料等方法对我国铁人三项运动员的年度训练安排进行研究,目的是提升对铁人三项运动的认识水平,提高训练科学化水平。研究结果表明:(1)铁人三项运动员年度参赛5-8次、月参赛1-2次较为合理,我国铁人三项运动员在参赛上优选国内举办的洲际锦标赛、洲际杯。(2)竞赛日程以赛季为主的安排形式与运动员竞技能力形成所需的时间长决定着铁人三项运动员年度训练主要采用单周期模式。(3)我国铁人三项运动员在训练内容安排上应以游泳、跑步为突破口,增加游泳课、跑步课训练比例。(4)我国铁人三项运动员训练量较为适宜,但训练强度整体偏高,训练中应加大有氧训练的比例,针对性的进行加速能力的训练。

Triathlon development in China is now faced with the problems of low athletic level, few training units and players and insufficient concern low from society. Depending on tracking - recording, interviews, literature and data method, the paper analyzes the annual training plan of Chinese triathletes. The results show that （ 1 ） reasonable times for triathletes to participating in competitions are 5 - 8 times a year, 1 - 2 times a month is. Chinese triathletes should choose to take part in the intercontinental championship and the Intercontinental cup held in china. （2） The competition schedule dominated by season and the triathletes＂ abilities formation determines the annual training should mainly follow the monocyclic model. （3） Chinese triathletes should strengthen swimming and running training as a breakthrough point. （4） Their training volume is appropriate, but the intensity is high, so we should increase the proportion of aerobic train- ing and accelerated training.