论两宋理学“观天地生物气象”义蕴及其多向性展开

On the Connotation and Reinterpretation of a Neo-Confucian Doctrine: “Observing Nature and Understanding the Manifestations of Its Life-giving Principle”

"观天地生物气象"话语来自于"观物取象"文化传统,因之具有会通性基因并发展出独特文化义蕴。之中"观"具备兼手段与目的的特性,其体用的基本方面由原始儒学"观"之义蕴发展而来,而非来自佛教。"生物"、"气象"以及"观天地生物气象"等话语义蕴,亦是层积地发展而形成的。二程在继承邵雍、周敦颐等人相关思想的基础上,对该话语之"体"、"用"与"法"进行了较为全面的探讨。朱熹则从体、用及其关系方面,以具体化、超越性的发展向度,对该话语整体性义蕴进行了开掘。由此,"观天地生物气象"因其具备会通自然界与道德界的体用属性而具有重要文化价值。

The doctrine＂ observing nature and understanding the manifestations of its life-giving principle＂ was derived from the cultural tradition of ＂abstracting forms from nature observing＂ and has acquired diverse cultural connotations due to its potential as a unifying principle. ＂Observing＂ is both a means and an end itself, with its basic essence and function developed from the Confucian instead of Buddhist concept of＂ observing＂. The concepts of ＂life-giving＂ and＂ manifestations＂ as well as the whole idea of＂ observing nature and understand- ing the manifestations of its life-giving principle＂ have gradually emerged and developed in the history of Neo- Confucianism. Based on the ideas developed by Shao Yong and Zhou Dunyi, Cheng Hao and his younger broth- er Cheng Yi, often referred to as＂the two Chengs＂by later Confucians, offered a more comprehensive treatment of this doctrine, elaborating on its＂ essence＂ ,＂ function＂ and＂law＂. Zhu Xi concentrated on the essence, func- tion and their relationship and explored the doctrine~ implications in a more systematic manner. His philosophical interpretation includes more specific concerns and also introduces a transcendental dimension. Eventually, the Neo-Confucian doctrine has acquired important cultural values as it unifies the natural and ethical world in terms of essence and function.