财政分权、经济发展与城乡居民收入差距——基于省级面板数据的实证分析

Fiscal Decentralization,Economic Development and Urban-Rural Income Gap ——An Empirical Study Based on Provincial Panel Data

本文基于2002-2011年省级面板经济数据,运用联立方程组模型分析财政分权对城乡居民收入差距与经济发展的影响效应及二者之间的相互作用。研究发现,财政分权既有利于促进经济发展又能够缩小城乡居民收入差距,同时,不同地区的财政分权对经济发展和收入差距的影响效应因财政支出结构的不同而不同。此外,研究发现我国城乡居民收入差距与经济发展存在库兹涅茨倒U型曲线关系,并得出我国城乡居民收入差距并没有达到拐点。

This paper, based on China provincial economic panel data from 2002 to 2011, analyzes the effects of fiscal decentralization on the income gap between urban and rural residents as well as their mutual interaction via simultaneous equations model. The study found that fiscal decentralization helps to promote economic development and narrow the income gap between urban and rural residents although the impact of fiscal decentralization on economic development and income gap in different regions varies with their different fiscal expenditure structures. The study also found that there exists a Kuznets inverted U-shaped relationship between China economic development and its urban -rural income gap, and arrives at the conclusion that this income gap has not reached its inflection point.