北京市某三级综合医院2009-2010年肠道门诊病例分析

Analysis on epidemiology of outpatients with enteric diseases in a class Ⅲ general hospital in Beijing from 2009 to 2010

目的了解北京市某三级综合医院20092010年肠道门诊就诊患者的疾病谱和流行病学特征，为北京市腹泻病的防控提供依据。方法采用国家高技术研究发展计划资助项目（“863”计划）在北京市某三级综合医院的肠道门诊设立腹泻症状监测系统，连续收集该肠道门诊于2009—04-01～2009—10—31和2010—0501～20101110开诊期间的所有监测数据，运用描述性流行病学方法对就诊患者的疾病谱和流行病学特征进行分析。结果2009—2010年，该肠道门诊10773例就诊患者的疾病种类为9种，包括感染性腹泻1319例（12．24％），非感染性腹泻7376例（68．47％），无明确诊断者2078例（19．29％）；其中，以非感染性腹泻中的“胃肠炎及肠炎”最多，为6504例（60．37％），其次为无明确诊断中的“腹泻待查”，为2066例（19．18％），而感染性腹泻中的细菌性痢疾和其他感染性腹泻分别为848例（7．87％）和471例（4．37％）。该肠道门诊就诊患者以20～39岁组（62．94％）为主，户籍主要为本市（67．24％），职业以学生（32．56％）最多，9月是感染性腹泻患者占当月所有患者比例最高的月份。结论2009—2010年该肠道门诊就诊患者的疾病包括细菌性痢疾、其他感染性腹泻、胃肠炎及肠炎等共9种，就诊患者以青年、本市户口人群和学生为主，9月份是感染性腹泻的发病高峰季节，建议相关部门在夏秋季加强对感染性腹泻防治的健康宣教，促进青年群体和学生等重点人群养成良好的饮食卫生习惯，积极防控腹泻病。

Objective To discuss the epidemiology of outpatients with enteric diseases in a class Ill general hos pital in Beijing during 2009 to 20]0, and to provide scientific evidence for disease prevention and control. Methods A diarrhea-syndrome surveillance system was set up in the clinic of enteric diseases in a class Ill gen- eral hospital in Beijing to collect information of outpatients who visited doctors from April 1 to October 31, 2009 and from May 1 to November 10, 2010. A descriptive epidemiological method was used to describe and analyze the disease spectrum and epidemiological characteristics of patients. Results There were 9 categories of diseases found in total 10 773 outpatients collected in the clinic during 2009 to 2010, which included 1 319 （12.24%） cases with infectious diarrhea, 7 376 （68.47%） cases with non-infectious diarrhea and 2 078 （19.29 % ） cases with undermined diseases. More than half of outpatients were diagnosed as non infectious gas- troenteritis and enteritis, while only 7.87% and 4.37% cases were diagnosed as bacillary dysentery and other infectious diarrhea. Majority of outpatients were in 20-39 age group （62.94%）, residents of Beijing （67.24%） and students （32.56%）. More patients with infectious diarrhea appeared in September. Conclu- sions Nine categories of diseases are found among outpatients in enteric disease clinic during 2009 to 2010, including bacillary dysentery, other infectious diarrhea, gastroenteritis and enteritis et at. Most outpatients are young adults, students and local residents. Majority patients with infectious diarrhea show up in Seplem ber. It is suggested that health education on infectious diarrhea prevention should be strengthened, especially among young adults and students.