福建省不同特征人群结核病防治核心信息知晓率调查分析

Public awareness of prevention knowledge toward tuberculosis in Fujian

目的了解福建省不同特征人群结核病防治核心信息知晓率情况,为有效地开展结核病健康促进工作提供科学依据。方法采用全国第五次结核病流行病学抽样调查现场知晓率调查问卷进行面对面调查,不同特征人群结核病防治核心信息总知晓率的比较采用χ2检验,年龄组总知晓率的比较采用趋势χ2检验。结果结核病防治核心信息总知晓率为53.10%(18 639/35 100)。男性总知晓率为56.31%(8 753/15 545),高于女性的50.55%(9 886/19 555);总知晓率随年龄组增加而降低;户籍人口总知晓率为51.73%(17 138/33 130),低于外来常住人口的76.19%(1 501/1 970);城镇居民总知晓率为75.64%(5 185/6 855),高于农村的47.63%(13 454/28 245)。不同特征人群总知晓率差别均具有统计学意义。结论福建省公众结核病防治核心信息知晓率较前提高明显,但仍然较低,需加大重点目标人群、针对重点核心信息加强结核病健康促进。

Objective To understand the public awareness toward tuberculosis prevention in Fujian. Methods A stratified multi stage cluster sampling method was used to randomly recruit study subjects who were in- terviewed using standard questionnaire applied in the fifth national TB epidemiological survey. Chi-square and Trend Chi square tests were used for statistical analysis. Results The overall awareness rate was 53.10% （18 639/35 100）, which decreased along with age. The awareness rate in male participants was similar to that in females （56.31% vs 50.55%）, but was lower among permanent residents compared to migrating individu- als （51.73% vs 76. 19%, P〈0.05）. It was revealed to be higher among individuals from urban areas than those from rural areas （75.64% vs 47.63%, P〈0.05）. Conclusions Although an increased public aware ness toward tuberculosis prevention in Fujian has been noticed in recent years, the overall awareness rate is still relatively low. Therefore, health education focused on TB prevention should be enhanced especially among the elderly and individuals with low education levels.