2003-2012年儿童住院病例死亡情况分析

Analysis on mortality of hospitalized children in 2003-2012

目的分析近10年某医院住院患儿死亡情况及主要死因分布,为儿童疾病的预防和控制提供参考依据。方法整理2003-2012年某医院15岁以下住院儿童病例资料,统计死亡病例数。疾病分类以《国际疾病分类》ICD-10编码为标准,采用第一诊断进行分类统计。采用SPSS 10.0软件进行统计学分析,率的比较采用χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 2003-2012年成都市第三人民医院儿童住院患者20 087例,其中男性患儿占60.90%(12 233例),女性患儿占39.10%(7 854例)。10年间住院患儿共死亡109例,病死率为5.43‰。12 233例男性住院患儿中,死亡61例,病死率为4.99‰,女性患儿死亡48例,病死率为6.11‰,差异无统计学意义。城镇患儿17 804例,死亡87例,病死率4.89‰,农村患儿2 283例,死亡22例,病死率9.64‰,差异有统计学意义(χ2=34.12,P<0.05)。109例死亡病例中,前五位主要死因中感染性疾病居首位,占43.12%;年龄越小,住院患儿病死率越高(χ2=26.01,P<0.05)。结论应进一步加强农村和低龄儿童的预防保健,降低感染性疾病的病死率。

Objective To analyze the mortality of hospitalized children and to determine the major death cau- ses. Methods The clinical data of hospitalized children younger than 15 years old and admitted in a local hospital between 2003 and 2012 were retrieved and analyzed. The diseases were classified according to the In- ternational Classification of Diseases （ICD10）, and the first diagnosis was taken into account. SPSS 10.0 was applied for data statistical process and Chi-square test was used for the mortality analysis. Results A total of 20 087 children were hospitalized in the past 10 years with boys and girls accounting for 60.90% and 39. 10%, respectively. There were total 109 dead cases recorded with the overall mortality of 5.43%o, which included 61 boys and 48 girls. The difference of mortality between boys and girls was not significant. The mortality was much higher among children from rural areas than those from urban areas （9.64‰0 vs 4.89‰） （χ^2 34.12, P〈0.05）. The analysis also revealed that infectious diseases ranked the first among the top 5 major death cau- ses （43. 12%）. The younger children had a higher mortality （X2 =26.01, P〈0.05）. Conclusions Younger children and children from rural areas are more likely to die in hospital, especially from infectious diseases. In order to reduce the mortality of hospitalized children, preventive healthcare should be further enhanced.