秦国粮食运输政策探略

A Probing into the Cereal Transport Policy of the Qin State

战国及秦始皇时期 ,秦国是最为富庶的一个诸侯国家 ,为了政治、经济、军事及战略的需要 ,国内粮食运输经济十分发达 ,并由此建立起一套严密的粮食运输制度和布局合理的粮食转运仓储体系。粮食运输分收纳租粮运输、地区间粮食调节运输、军需与工程建设用粮运输 ;运输方式以陆路和漕运为主 ;法律规定百姓必须亲自转输粮食 ,中途不得私自停留 ;为方便运输 。

During the Warring States and Qi Shihuang period, the Qin State was very rich and populous state. The politics, economy, military and strategy necessitated a quite flourishing economy of domestic cereal transport, and the state established a set of tight cereal transport institution and a rational layout system of cereals transference and housestorage. The cereal transport system included the taxation cereal transport, adjusting cereal transport among the different districts, and military supplies & project contructions cereal transport. The transporting mode was mainly by land and by water. The law stipulated common people to transport cereals personnally and not to stay on the way without permission. In order to facilitate the transport, the Government set up many storehouses for cereal transport specially.