非晶中“缺陷”——流变单元研究

Flow units: the “defects” of amorphous alloys

晶体物质的很多性能和特性是和其缺陷运动紧密联系在一起的.非晶态物质是复杂的多体相互作用体系,具有复杂的长程无序原子结构和独特的物理和力学性质.最近的研究表明非晶可能存在类似晶体的中的"缺陷"即流变单元.但是非晶固体是否存在类似晶体的缺陷,如何发现、表征以及建立非晶中流变单元与其性能、性质和特征的关系仍然是凝聚态物理和材料科学的难题.本文主要阐述非晶态物理和材料领域关于流变单元研究的最新进展、争议和展望.

The properties and features of crystals are closely related to their defects. The latest studies show that there could exist ＂defect＂, we term it as flow units, in amorphous matter with disordered structure and unique mechanical and physical properties. However, the features and its relationship with the properties of the amorphous alloys are still unclear. This paper reviews the progress and issues on the studies of flow units in amorphous alloys.