3104铝合金易拉罐罐体缺陷的表征与成因分析

Characterization and Analysis of the Defects in the 3104 Alloy Ring-Pull Can

通过扫描电镜(SEM)观察、能谱(EDS)以及X射线衍射(XRD)分析,对3104铝合金易拉罐成品罐体早期失效的断口处第二相和夹杂物进行了表征,并通过对合金原始铸锭中第二相的研究,系统地分析了缺陷形成的原因。结果表明,铸锭和缺陷断口上均分布有大量粗大的(FeMn)Al6、(AlFeMnSi)四元相和以氧化物夹杂为主的粗大夹杂物。这些粗大相和夹杂物是导致罐体开裂的主要原因,其来源于合金的熔炼和铸造过程。通过分析,提出了防止或减少粗大化合物和夹杂物的相应措施。

The second phase particles and inclusions in 3104 aluminum alloy ingot casting and fractures of defects on the ring-pull can were investigated by scanning electron microscope（SEM）,energy dispersive speclrometry （EDS） and X-ray diffraction（XRD）. The forming reason of defects were analyzed systemically by observing the second phase particles in original ingot casting. The results show that there exists a lot of （FeMn）AI6 phases, （Al,Fe,Mn,Si） compounds and coarse oxide-based inclusions. Fractures of the can mainly be attributed to those coarse particles and inclusions, which results from the process of melting or casting. Countermeasures of eliminating or reducing coarse compound and inclusions were put forward finally.