新疆5种丛藓科植物的解剖学研究

Anatomy Studies of Five Species of Pottiaceae from Xinjiang

运用石蜡切片和电镜扫描技术,对5种丛藓科植物的茎、叶进行了解剖学研究。结果表明:短叶对齿藓Didymodon tectorus(C.Müll.)Saito.整个茎细胞的细胞壁均加厚,叶细胞壁凹陷呈网状,角质层纹饰条状、鳞片状和颗粒状;卷叶丛本藓Anoectangium thomsonii Mitt.茎表皮及中轴细胞壁厚,叶表面的粗疣粗糙、密集,疣上还有小孔和鳞片状纹饰;山赤藓Syntrichia ruralis(Hedw.)Web.&Mohr.茎皮部细胞质浓,叶片背腹两面均密被鹿角状疣,疣上有层层叠加状纹饰和乳突;无疣墙藓Tortula mucronifolia Schweagr.茎横切面呈长圆形,叶细胞壁薄,无疣,叶背面细胞表皮较粗糙,叶腹面细胞表皮较光滑,角质层纹饰稀疏且短;长叶纽藓Tortella tortuosa(Hedw.)Limpr.茎表皮细胞壁强烈凹陷,叶细胞表面密被粗疣,疣上的角质层纹饰呈不规则鳞片状。丛藓科植物茎及叶的微观特征,为该科植物属、种的鉴定提供了重要的分类依据。

The stem and leaf anatomy of five species of Pottiaceae from Xinjiang were investigated by paraffin wax section and SEM. Results showed that the stem cell walls of Didymodon tectorus （C. MUll.） Saito. were thickened; the leaf cell walls were sunken reticularly with strip, granular or scale appendages. The cell walls of stem epidermal layer and axis of Anoectangium thomsonfi Mitt. were thick; wide warts on the leaf surface were rough and concentrated, and there were holes and scaly ornamentations on the warts. Stem endothelial cytoplasm of Syntrichia ruralis （Hedw.） Web. ＆ Mohr. was thick; both adaxial and abaxial leaf surfaces were densely covered with staghorn warts; stacked up ornamentation and mastoid processes were observed on the warts. Transverse section of the Tortula mucronifolia Schweagr. stem was oblong; leaf cell walls were thin without warts; adaxial leaf surfaces were rough, but abaxial leaf surfaces were smooth with short and sparse cuticle ornamentation. The stem epidermal cell walls of Tortella tortuosa （Hedw.） Limpr. were sunken strongly and the leaf surfaces were densely covered with rough warts with irregular scaly cuticle ornamentation. The stem and leaf micro-morphology of Pottiaceae can provide important classification characteristics to identify genera and species of this family.