饮酒和细胞外超氧化物岐化酶、乙醛脱氢酶2基因多态性与口腔鳞状细胞癌的相关性研究

Correlation between drinking behavior and polymorphisms of extracellular superoxide dismutase, aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 genes, and oral squamous cell carcinoma

目的探讨饮酒和细胞外超氧化物岐化酶(EC-SOD)、乙醛脱氢酶2(ALDH2)基因多态性与口腔鳞状细胞癌患病之间的关系。方法采用病例对照研究的方法,以750例口腔鳞状细胞癌患者(病例组)及750例非癌对照者(对照组)的外周血白细胞为样本,采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)技术分析EC-SOD和ALDH2基因的多态性,并分析该基因多态性与口腔鳞状细胞癌患病的关系。结果病例组EC-SOD(C/G)和ALDH2变异基因型频率分别为38.27%、69.47%,对照组则为21.07%、44.40%,二者差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。EC-SOD(C/G)患口腔鳞状细胞癌的风险显著增加(OR=2.32),ALDH2变异基因型的患病风险也显著增加(OR=2.85)。基因突变的协同分析发现,EC-SOD(C/G)/ALDH2变异基因型在病例组和对照组中的分布频率分别为30.67%和6.80%,二者差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。EC-SOD(C/G)/ALDH2变异基因型患口腔鳞状细胞癌的风险显著增加(OR=8.13)。病例组的饮酒率明显高于对照组(OR=2.70),EC-SOD(C/G)及ALDH2变异基因型与饮酒有协同作用(OR=25.00)。结论 ECSOD及ALDH2变异基因型和饮酒是口腔鳞状细胞癌的易患因素,三者联合在口腔鳞状细胞癌的发生中有协同作用。

Objective To investigate the correlation between drinking behavior and polymorphism combination of extracel- lular superoxide dismutase （EC-SOD） and aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 （ALDH2） genes and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Methods The genetic polymorphisms of EC-SOD and ALDH2 were analyzed by polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction technique in peripheral blood leukocytes of 750 oral squamous cell carcinoma cases and 750 non-cancer controls. Results The frequencies of EC-SOD （C/G） and ALDH2 variant genotypes were 38.27% and 69.47% in oral squamous cell carcinoma cases and 21.07% and 44.40% in healthy controls, respectively. Statistical tests showed significant difference in the frequencies between the two groups （P〈0.01）. The risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma with EC-SOD （C/G） was significantly higher than that of controls （OR=2.32）. Individuals carrying ALDH2 variant genotypes had high risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma （OR=2.85）. Combined analysis of the polymorphisms showed that percentages of EC-SOD （C/G）/ALDH2 variant genotypes in oral squamous cell carcinoma and control groups were 30.67% and 6.80%, respectively （P〈0.01）. Individuals carrying EC-SOD （C/G）/ALDH2 variant genotypes had high risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma （OR=8.13）. The drinking rate of the case group was significantly higher than that in the control group （OR=2.70）. Statistical analysis suggested an interaction between drinking and EC-SOD （C/G） and ALDH2 variant genotypes, which increase risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma （OR=25.00）. Conclusion EC-SOD （C/G） and ALDH2 variant genotypes and drinking are the risk factors in oral squamous cell carcinoma, which could carry out a coordinated attack of oral squamous cell carcinoma.