湖北省烟田杂草的发生与分布现状调查

Survey on the Occurrence and Distribution Status of Weeds in Tobacco Fields in Hubei Province

为明确湖北省主要烟叶产区烟田杂草种类及分布现状,确定危害烟叶生产的主要杂草种类,为高产优质烟叶生产提供技术支撑,于2012年8～9月在该省植烟面积比较大的15个县（市、区）的28个乡镇进行了普查.采用对角线5点取样法调查,样方为50 cm×50 cm,调查样方中的所有杂草种类和株（分蘖）数.结果表明,湖北省烟田杂草有95种,隶属于33个科.其中,蕨类植物1种,占1.05％;单子叶植物23种,占24.21％;双子叶植物71种,占74.74％.优势种为马唐、尼泊尔蓼、铁苋菜、牛膝菊和繁缕,亚优势种为通泉草、腺梗稀莶和藜,应作为防除重点.湖北省烟田杂草种类丰富,分布广泛,杂草种类在不同海拔和不同地区间有一定差异.

In order to clarify the species and distribution status of weeds and the noxious species in major tobacco-producing areas in Hubei province,and to provide technical support for high quality tobacco production,the survey was carried out in 28 towns of 15 counties with large tobacco-planting area in August-September,2012.Species and numbers of weeds in the quadrat of 50 cm × 50 cm were recorded by diagonal five-point sampling method.The results showed that there were 95 weed species belonging to 33 families including one fern accounted for 1.05％,23 monocotyledons accounted for 24.21％,71 decotyledons accounted for 74.74％ in tobacco fields in Hubei province.The dominant species were Digitaria sanguinalis,Polygonum nepalense,Acalypha australis,Galinsoga parvifl and Stellaria media.The sub-dominant species were Mazus japonicus,Siegesbeckia pubescens and Chenopodium album.These dominant weeds should be paid more attention to in weeds control.The weed species in tobacco fields in Hubei province was diverse widely distributed.Weed species varied in different altitudes and regions.