甘薯淀粉基高吸水材料的制备及其性能

Synthesis and properties of sweet potato starch-based super absorbent materials

以过硫酸钾为引发剂,甘薯淀粉为基材,与丙烯酸、丙烯酰胺进行接枝共聚制备可生物降解型高吸水材料。正交试验得出反应的较佳条件:单体与淀粉质量比为3∶1,AM与AA质量比为0.5∶1,引发剂过硫酸钾用量为淀粉用量的3.0%,交联剂用量为单体量的0.04%,丙烯酸的中和度为70%,温度60℃,时间4h,产物饱和吸水倍率可达399g/g,接枝效率为87.1%。考察了合成的吸水材料的应用性能,并采用FITR与SEM对接枝产品的结构及形貌进行了分析和表征。结果表明,单体成功发生接枝聚合反应,高吸水材料呈现漩涡结构。

The synthesis of biodegradable super absorbent materials was investigated by graft copolymerization of acrylic acid and acrylamide onto sweet potato starch using K2 $20s as an initiator. The optimal reaction conditions were monomer/starch mass ration 3 ： l, AM/AA mass ration 0.5 ： 1, 3.0% of K2S208 （relative starch）, 0.04% cross linked agent （relative monomer）, neutralization degree of acrylic acid 70%, 60 ℃, 4 h, respectively. Under this condition, the product showed the maximum absorbency was 399 g/g, grafted efficiency was 87.1%. The properties of product have been studied at different experimental conditions. The grafted sample was characterized and analyzed by FTIR, SEM. The result showed that the graft copolymerization took place between monomer and starch, and superabsorbent materials showed vortex network structure.