船舶水灭火系统规范条款的解读

Interpretation for the Criterion of Vessel Water Fire-extinguishing System

各船级社规范、SOLAS公约和各国法规(以下简称规范)中对于船舶水灭火系统中消防泵的排量和压头的要求是直接而明晰的。但是对于水灭火系统而言,规范中诸多条款对不同的船舶种类、不同的处所规定了不同的灭火强度和射程:所选定消防泵的排量和压头能否通过管路传输和经过消防水枪喷射到火场?到达火场的灭火强度是多少?如何确定水枪口径、消防栓口径及消火栓处的压力?正是这些因素决定了消防系统能否有效发挥作用。然而对于规范中上述问题定义的理解在船东、船厂、设计单位甚至验船师中都多多少少存在理解偏差。着重对规范中所涉及到的条款进行了解读。

The requirements of fire pump capacity and head were direct and transparent for vessel water fire- extinguishing system in all class criterion, SOLAS and statute （hereinafter referred to shortly as criterion）. For water fire-extinguishing system, different requirements on fire intensity and range were presented for various kinds of vessel and location in criterion.Could the selected fire pump capacity and head be transferred properly by pipes and nozzle to spray in a fire scene？ How much was the fire intensity when arrive？ How to decide nozzle diameter,fire hydrant diameter and pressure？ These factors decided whether the fire system can function effectively. But there were some differences in the understanding for these issues in criterion among owners,shipyards,design organizations and surveyors. This article interpreted these issues in depth.