经颈外动脉途径制作兔颈总动脉急性血栓模型研究

Model of acute carotid thrombosis injected via external carotid artery in rabbits

目的研究经颈外动脉途径制作兔颈总动脉急性血栓形成的可行性与有效性。方法取20只新西兰大白兔,10只使用凝血酶直接注入颈总动脉,对照组取10只新西兰大白兔,分离颈外动脉,从颈外动脉取自体血,体外加入凝血酶制作兔自体血栓,经颈外动脉注入颈总动脉。两组分别在术后即刻测量血管内血栓长度,随后行动脉血管造影,观察血栓形态。结果 10只新西兰大白兔直接在颈总动脉注入凝血酶模型成功率为40%,管腔内血栓量较少,主要围绕穿刺口周围,血栓平均长度为5±0.4 mm;经颈外动脉途径直接注入血栓组成功率为100%,血栓量较大,充满整个管腔,血栓平均长度13±2.2 mm。结论使用经颈外动脉注入新鲜血栓法,能够制作出较为稳定的兔颈总动脉急性血栓模型,模型成功率较高,为器械研发提供一种较为稳定的血栓模型。

Objectives To investigate the feasibility and efficacy of carotid thrombosis in rabbits via the external carotid artery. Methods Models of carotid thrombosis were established in 20 New Zealand White rabbits. The first group directly injects the thrombin into the carotid lumen; the second group injects the thrombosis developed ex vivo into the external carotid artery. Thrombosis length and morphology were observed and recorded. Results Successful establishment of carotid thrombosis model were achieved 40% in the first group and 100% in the second group. The average length of thrombosis is 5 ±0.4 mm and 13 ±2.2 mm （P〈0.01）, respectively. Conclusion Model of acute carotid thrombosis injected via external carotid artery is stable and feasible with high successful inducing rate.