扶贫开发与村庄团结关系之研究

On the Relationships between Poverty Alleviation and Development with Village Solidarity

本文基于对贵州省15个贫困县的贫困乡村的调查研究,探讨扶贫开发与村庄团结之间的关系。这是一个往往被忽视但实质上非常重要的社会学议题。据对当事人的深度访谈和具体项目案例的分析,我们发现,扶贫开发不但没有增强村庄团结,反而在许多情况下会恶化村庄团结,原因在于扶贫开发不论在决策上还是资源配置上并没有把社会团结作为重要目标来对待,从而不能有效地设计相应的机制(参与、合作和协商等机制)。村庄团结的恶化反过来损害了扶贫开发效果,增大了扶贫开发的难度。

Basing on the survey of the poor villages in 15 counties,Guizhou Province,this article explores the relationships between poverty alleviation and development with village solidarity. This has never been an important subject for Chinese sociologists,but is very important for China in essence. The analysis of the clients' interviews and specific projects cases shows that poverty alleviation and development has not strengthened village solidarity,but worsened it in many cases. The main reason is that poverty alleviation and development has never considered social solidarity as an important goal no matter on policy or resource configuration, so that there has never been any efficient mechanism( for example,participation,cooperation and negotiation, etc.). The deterioration of village solidarity reduces the efficiency of poverty alleviation and development in turn,and makes it be more difficult.