近红外光谱技术在肉类定性鉴别中的研究进展

Recent Progress in the Application of Near Infrared Spectroscopy in Qualitative Identification of Meat Products

近红外光谱技术作为新型的快速绿色检测技术,在肉类工业中得到了广泛的应用。本文综述了近红外光谱技术在肉类定性鉴别中的研究进展,主要包括在肉的等级鉴别、品种鉴别、物种鉴别以及产地溯源、饲喂方式中的鉴别研究。肉的等级一般人工分为RFN、PFN、PSE、RSE四类,近红外光谱对肉的等级鉴别正确率在80%以上;对于同一物种不同品种肉的研究主要是在猪肉、牛肉上,主要通过多元定量校正方法或判别分析法来鉴别同一物种不同品种、不同年龄阶段的肉,且鉴别正确率大于95%;在不同物种之间的鉴别主要应用于鉴别猪肉、羊肉、牛肉、鸡肉等不同物种以及掺假肉,鉴别正确率在90%以上;在产地溯源、不同饲喂方式之间的鉴别,能够正确鉴别牧草和浓缩料饲喂的羔羊、母羊和人工饲喂的羔羊、不同地区的牛肉以及羊肉的产地溯源等,鉴别正确率大于83%。综上所述,近红外光谱在肉类定性鉴别中可行。

Near infrared spectroscopy （NIS） has been widely used in the meat industry as a newly emerging rapid and environmental friendly detection technology.This article summarizes the recent progress in the identification of meat species by means of near infrared spectroscopy from the following aspects：grade,breed,species,geographical traceability and feeding style.Meat products are generally categorized into four grades：RFN,PFN,PSE and RSE.The accuracy of NIS in discriminating these meat grades is over 80%.Most studies concerning meats from different breeds of the same species are focused on pork and beef.Meats from the different breeds of the same species as well as from animals of different age groups have been identified by multiple quantitative calibration or discrimination analysis with an accuracy of more than 95%.Furthermore,meats from different species including pork,mutton,beef and chicken and adulterated meat have been discriminated with an accuracy above 90%.In regard to geographical traceability and feeding style,grass-fed lambs have been accurately discriminated from feed-fed ones,and ewes from artificially fed lambs; meanwhile,the geographical origins of beef and mutton from different regions have been identified with an accuracy of more than 83%.To sum up,NIS is feasible in the qualitative identification of meat.