冰激凌含化治疗放射性口腔黏膜炎的效果观察

Intervention efficacy of holding ice cream in the mouth for radioactive oral mucositis prevention and treatment

目的：探讨采用冰激凌口腔含化干预治疗放射性口腔黏膜炎的效果。方法将口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤放疗患者60例采用随机数字表法分为对照组和干预组各30例。对照组放疗期间进行常规口腔护理，干预组在常规口腔护理的基础上，在放疗前后以冰激凌含化30 min。记录两组患者口腔黏膜炎的发生情况。结果对照组口腔黏膜炎从0～Ⅳ级例数分别为12，8，4，4，2例，干预组分别为19，5，3，2，1例，对照组最终有3例停止放疗行口腔黏膜炎治疗，干预组仅有1例停止放疗，两组比较差异有统计学意义（H＝14．1，P＝0．00）。干预组各级口腔黏膜炎发生的平均时间明显少于对照组，两组患者各级口腔黏膜炎发生的平均时间比较，差异有统计学意义（ t值分别为6．7，3．8，11．2，33．1，19．3；P＜0．05）。结论冰激凌应用于预防颌面部恶性肿瘤放射性口腔黏膜炎的护理，方法简单易行，更容易使患者接受。

Objective To explore the effect of oral ice cream holding for prevention and treatment of radioactive oral mucositis .Methods Sixty patients with oral and maxillofacial carcinoma were included and divided into control group and intervention group through a random number table , with 30 cases in each group . Patients in the control group accepted routine oral care after radiotherapy daily .Besides that , patients in intervention group hold the ice cream in the mouth 30 min before and after radiotherapy daily .The occurrence of radioactive oral mucositis was recorded .Results From 0 to IV degree, oral mucositis occurred in twelve , eight, four, four, two cases respectively in control group;but that in the control group was nineteen ,five,three,two, one cases respectively .There were three cases in the control group eventually who stopped radiotherapy for oral mucositis, only one case to stop radiotherapy in the intervention group .The difference of the rate of radioactive oral mucositis between the two groups was statistically significant （H=14.1, P=0.00）.The average time of the first appearance of oral mucositis in each degree in the intervention group were shorten than those of the control group, which showed statistically significant differences （ t =6.7, 3.8, 11.2, 33.1, 19.3, respectively;P＆lt;0.05）.Conclusions Holding ice cream in the mouth after radiotherapy is an effective way to prevent and treat oral mucositis , and it is a simple , practicable , and acceptable way for patients .