“社会的一切成员权利平等”:爱德华·伯恩施坦的言论自由观评析

All Members of Society Have Equal Rights:An Analysis on Eduard Bernstein's Concepts of Freedom of the Speech

伯恩施坦是德国社会民主党、第二国际修正主义的重要代表人物。尽管他曾经备受质疑,但是在言论自由问题上,爱德华·伯恩施坦与马克思、恩格斯一样,既高度重视工人阶级在社会之中对于言论自由的争取,宣称言论自由是"一切人的平等权利",又主张保障党内自由讨论,认为"党内应存在批评的绝对自由"。终其一生,他始终恪守"社会的一切成员权利平等"的自由理念,并在报刊实践中身体力行。

Eduard Bemstein was the foremost theoretician of revisionism and evolutionary socialism within German and international Social Democracy. Although Bernstein was questioned in a long time, he was the same as Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in paying high attention to the issue of freedom of speech. Bernstein not only attached great importance to freedom of speech and the press in the society, which the working class fighting for, but also advocated free discussion within the party. Throughout his life, he adhered to the liberal idea that ＂all members of society have equal rights＂ and practiced what he preached in the press.