基于分形维数的交通路网覆盖形态特性研究

Study on Covering Morphology Characters of Traffic Network Based on Fractal Dimension

为科学合理地规划区域交通路网和优化其运输结构,利用分形理论中的分形维数,对区域交通路网覆盖形态结构特性进行了分析研究和评价,提出了区域路网覆盖形态结构特性的测度模型和算法,并进行了案例分析研究,以期为区域交通路网规划及其运输结构优化提供新的思路和方法。研究结果表明:用路网覆盖度和覆盖深度来测度区域交通路网覆盖形态结构特性,比通常所用的交通路网密度等指数更科学合理;覆盖度D(r)(即分形维数)1.661及其覆盖深度r可作为评判区域路网形态结构是否合理和功能是否完善的基本标准。

In order to plan regional traffic network and optimize its transport structure rationally, the structure morphology characters of regional traffic network are studied and appraised by fractal dimension in fractal theory, the measurement model and its algorithm of the covering morphology characters of regional traffic network are put forward, and a case study is given to provide a new thinking and a method for regional traffic network planning and transport structure optimization. The research result shows that （1） the covering degree and depth of traffic network is more rational than the commonly used density of traffic lines and other indicators for measuring the structure morphology characters; （2） the covering degree D（r） （namely fractal dimension） of 1. 661 and its covering depth r can be used as the basic criterion to appraise the rationality of the structure morphology and the perfect degree of the function of a regional traffic network.