日本中小一贯制教育的实施及其特征——以东京都品川区为例

The Implementation and Characteristics of Japanese Unified Elementary and Junior High School Education ——A Case of Shinagawa Tokyo Metropolis

中小一贯制教育是目前日本义务教育学制改革的一项重要举措,是在日本重新思考"六三三"这一公共教育体系的过程中推进的颇受瞩目的政策之一。通过设立中小一贯制学校、采用"四三二"学段开展九年义务教育、编制一贯制教育课程、建构相关推进体制等举措,东京都品川区成为较早开展中小一贯制教育且卓有成效的地区。中小一贯制教育的实施既是新自由主义教育观念指导下,基于教育行政地方分权开展的地区自主性教育改革实践,也是在一定程度上反映了产业界的意向,以培养与现代社会产业构造变化相适应的人才。

The unified elementary and junior high school education is an important measure in the school system for Japanese compulsory education reform, and it is also one of the high-profile educational policies in the process of rethinking ＂6-3-3＂public educational system. Shinagawa Tokyo Metropolis an area which develops unified elementary and junior high school education quite effectively and started the system earlier. It has adopted some concerned measures such as setting up unified elementary and junior high school programs, adopting ＂4-3-2 grades＂ to carry out the nine-year compulsory education, working out consistent educational curriculum, constructing the related propulsion system, etc. The implementation of unified elementary and junior high school education is not only under the guidance of new-liberalism outlook on education, but it is also a regional autonomy education reform practice based on decentralization of educational administration. To a certain extent, it also reflects the intension of the industry as well. All these factors are aiming at fostering the talents who are adaptable to the changes of modern social industrial structure.