超高水材料长壁工作面充填开采顶板控制技术

Roof control technology for longwall filling mining of superhigh-water material

为研究充填工作面长度对岩层控制效果的影响，指导长壁工作面充填开采实践和为围岩变形控制提供依据，基于超高水材料的基本性能试验，利用差分法薄板理论建立了超高水材料长壁工作面充填开采顶板活动力学模型，得到关键层的预计变形量，分析充填工作面长度对关键层变形及破坏的影响，提出了长壁工作面充填开采顸板控制理念。研究结果表明：采空区顶板下沉最大挠度值随着工作面长度的增加而增加；要维持关键层不发生断裂，必须保证工作面长度和控顶长度在一定范围内。对比冀中能源陶一煤矿充1～5工作面（工作面长度50～60m）和充6工作面（工作面长度120m）充填开采实际情况，提出并应用地面充填系统构建、充填液面提高、隔离带设置、工作面锚网索支护4种长壁工作面顶板控制技术，有效地抑制了顶板变形，同时保证了良好的充填效果。

To analyze the impact of filling face length on strata controlling, direct the practice of longwall filling min- ing, and provide basis for deformation control of surrounding rocks, based on the basic properties of the material, the authors built the mechanical model of overburden strata movement in the filling minning of superhigh-water material to obtain the predicting bending deformation of key strata and analyze influence of filling mining face length on the de- formation and fracture of key strata, and proposed roof control philosophy of longwall filling minning by thin plate theo- ry of difference method. The studies show that the roof subsidence of mining goaf increases with increasing length of mining face distance, and the key strate may keep stable structure without breaking at a certain range of the length of mining face and roof distance. Through comparing the mining geological condition of No. 1-5 and No. 6 filling coalface in Taoyi Coal Mine of Jizhong Energy Group, four longwall roof control techniques of surface filling system construc- tion, filling level elevation, isolation strip setting and bolt-mesh-anchor support of mining face were proposed and ap- plied, which can not only effectively inhibit roof deformation, but also guarantee the good filling effect.