中亚国家经济发展进程中的问题探讨

The Problems Discussed in the Process of the Central Asia Countries Economic Development

经济结构单一、经济发展差距越拉越大、一体化进程举步维艰是中亚国家经济发展面临的主要问题。上述问题存在的原因是苏联时期的计划经济、各国自然资源禀赋差异、各国国家稳定程度以及国家治理水平等。解决中亚经济发展过程中存在的问题,关键是要找到符合各国国情的、能有效利用各国经济优势和人力资源的发展模式。中亚区域经济一体化目前处于好事多磨阶段,前途是光明的,但道路仍很曲折。其原因是多方面的:各国都过分强调本国的利益,对别国的需求考虑不多;缺乏必要的经济基础;中亚各国对区域一体化倡议存在疑虑,各国间缺乏信任;俄罗斯对中亚一体化进程反应消极;美国、欧盟等介入中亚国家的纷争;等等。总之,中亚各国如能齐心协力,经济一体化进程必将取得突破性进展。

The single economic structure, the bigger and bigger economic development gap, the struggling of integration are the main problems of the Central Asia economic development. The reasons of these problems are the period of Soviet Union planned economy, the difference of national natural resources, national stability and national governance, etc. To solve the problems existing in the economic development process of central Asia, the key is to find suitable national conditions, which can effectively use the human resources development model and economic advantages. The Central Asia regional economic integration can be said in one sentence ＂the future is bright, but the road is still tortuous＂. The reason are various, every country emphasis its own interests too much, consider the demand of other countries less; Lack of necessary economic foundation; the Central Asian countries in regional integration initiatives lack of trust among countries; The Russian negative response to the Central Asia integration; the United States, the European Union get involved in the dispute of the Central Asian countries; And so on. In short, the Central Asian countries can work together; economic integration will be a breakthrough.