财产权规则与外观法理的冲突与协调——基于股权转让纠纷司法裁判的实证视角

Harmonizing the Conflicts Between Property Rule and Surface Jurisprudence in Judging Transfer Dissension of Shares

股权转让蕴含多重社会关系,涉及的法律调整极为复杂,由此导致此类纠纷成为司法裁判中的一大难题。民法中的传统财产权规则与公司法中的外观主义规则之间的冲突是导致这一难题最为主要的制度性原因,二者在股权性质界定、股权归属判定和股权变动判定上都存在明显冲突。法官在股权转让纠纷裁判中的认知差异正是这些冲突对实践产生影响的直观反映。相应的协调路径既需要在司法实践中准确把握民事审判与商事审判在司法理念与规则运用上的区别,也需要在相应的制度设计上注重对民商事规则的衔接与协调。

The transfer of shares includes multiple social relationships and involves complicated law adjustment, which makes it become one difficulty of judicial judgment. The conflict between property rule in traditional civil law and surface jurisprudence in commercial law exists in how to estimate the character and possession or alteration of shares, which is the primary institutional reason to result in that difficulty. The influence of that conflict reflects the cognizing difference between judges. To harmonize it,we need grasp the differences of judicial ideas and rule application between civil trial and commercial trial and pay attention to linking up and harmonizing civil rule and commercial rule.