中国传统“文治”精神及其现代启示

Traditional Chinese Civil—Administration Spirit and Its Modern Enlightenment

古之"文"与今之"文"语义不尽相同,在中国古典文化语境中,"文"有"文教"之文、"文道"之文、"文野"之文等多维意涵。"建国君民,教学为先",经国不以学为先,无以明治道。"道者,文之根本",道存则国存,道亡则国亡;天下有义则治,无义则乱。治国安邦必以文德应天,以道义立国,以不断趋向文明为经世安邦的价值依归,这即是中国传统"文治"的精神主脉。时至如今,"学术立国"、"道义立国"、"文明立国"仍应是经国安邦的基本宗旨。

Civilization covers more diverse connotations in the old times than we have it now. In the context of classical literature, civilization can be meant for ＂scholarship＂ ,＂culture＂,＂civilization＂（contrary to barbarity） and so on. To govern a country and lead the people,scholarship should be put first. Without scholarship,a ruler will not know how to govern a country. ＂To understand the above law is the aim of conducting scholarship＂. Create a favorable culture and you get your country well governed,while damage it and destroy the country. And for civilization,it will shape the world if it exists, without it,a turbulent world. All in all,it is the core of traditional Chinese civil-administration spirit, which is committed in scholarship so as to grasp the call of nature law, to create a culture so as to unite a country to endlessly pursuing civilization so as to realize a country＇s sublime value. So far, conducting scholarship, creating a favorable culture and pursuing civilization are still the gist of governing a country.