以节水灌溉为中心的农村水利科技发展趋势与研究重点

Development Trend and Research Emphases of Science and Technology of Rural Water Conservancy Centering on Water Saving Irrigation

当前国内外以节水灌溉为中心的农村水利科技发展趋势与特点表现为：（1）灌溉系统规模化，施工手段机械化；（2）管理手段现代化与自动化；（3）设备产品的标准化、系列化、通用化与产业化；（4）节水灌溉技术与农业措施相结合． 配合大中型灌区以节水灌溉为中心的技术改造是近期农村水利科技的主要任务，重点研究内容包括：（1）灌溉水资源合理开发与优化配置技术研究；（2）农田水分转化规律与非充分灌溉机理研究；（3）高效输水灌溉系统关键技术研究与设备开发；（4）农业高效用水管理技术研究与设备开发；（5）田间节水灌溉关键技术研究与设备开发；（6）改善农田生态环境关键技术研究；（7）节水灌溉综合技术试验示范区建设．

： Currently， the development trend and features of science and technology of rural water conservancy， which centering on water saving irrigation， both home and abroad， are embodied as： （1） scaled irrigation system and mechanization of construction means； （2） modernization and automation of management means； （3） standardization， seriation， generalization and industrialization of equipment products； （4） combination of water saving irrigation technology and agricultural measures． Combined with the technical renovation in large and medium-sized irrigation district， which is centered on water saving irrigation， the key researching contents include： （1） technical research on optimized configuration and reasonable exploitation of water resources for irrigation； （2） research on deficient irrigation principle and regularity of moisture transferring in farmland； （3） key technical research and equipment development of high-efficient water conveying irrigation system； （4） technical research and equipment development of high-efficient water using management in agriculture； （5） key technical research and equipment development of on-farm water saving irrigation； （6） key technical research on improvement of farmland ecological environment； （7） construction of test and demonstration area with comprehensive technology of water saving irrigation．