2009-2012年内蒙古自治区急性呼吸道感染患儿呼吸道合胞病毒感染的检测及分布特征

Detection of respiratory syncytial virus infection of children infected with acute respiratory tract infection in Inner Mongolia from 2009 to 2012and its distribution characteristics

目的：了解内蒙古自治区14岁以下儿童急性呼吸道感染患者中呼吸道合胞病毒（RsV）的感染状况，阐明内蒙古自治区儿童RSV感染的流行趋势。方法：收集2009年1月～2012年10月内蒙古中、东和西部地区14岁以下儿童急性呼吸道感染及肺炎病例标本共3207份，采用实时荧光RT-PCR法扩增RSV的部分基因片段。对不同时间、不同年龄和不同地区的样本的RSV阳性率进行分析。结果：检测的3207份样本中，阳性样本224份，阳性率为6．980。RSV全年均可检出，检出率高峰期主要集中在10月到次年的3月份。不同年龄段对RSV的易感性不同，3岁以下儿童RSV感染高于与3岁以上儿童（X^2=31．89，P〈0．01）。1～6月龄婴儿的感染率（19．61％）最高，然后随着年龄的增加感染率逐渐下降。不同性别感染率之比为男性：女性=1．37：1。RSV感染病例在内蒙古东、中和西部地区均有分布，无明显的地域差异（X^2=0．207，P〉0．05）。结论：RSV在内蒙古自治区全区流行，发病高峰期为冬春季节，3岁以下儿童为高发人群。

Objective To study the sitiation of respiratory syncytial virus （RSV） infection of the children under 14 years old with acute respiratory infection in Inner Mongolia, and to clarify the epidemiology trend of RSV infection of children in Inner Mongolia. Methods From January 2009 to October 2012, 3 207 acute respiratory infections and pneumonia samples from the children under 14 years old were collected in west, middle, and east areas of Inner Mongolia. Part of RSV genes were amplified by real-time fluorescence RT-PCR method. The RSV positive rates of samples were analyed between different areas, ages, and months. Results 224 positive samples were detected from 3 207 samples, the positive rate was 6.98%. RSV can be detected all of the year, the detection rate reached the peak period from October to March of the following year. The patients with different ages had different susceptibilities for RSV, and the RSV infection rate of the patients under 3 years old Was higher than that of the patients over 3 years old（X^2= 31.89, P〈0.01）. 1- 6 months infants had the highest infection rate （19.61%）, and the infection rates were gradually declined as the age increasing. The patients with different genders had different infection rates, male ： female = 1.37 ： 1. The RSV infected patients distributed in east, middle, and west areas of Inner Mongolia, and there were no significant differences of RSV infection between the patients in different areas（X^2 =0. 207, P〉0.05）. Conclusion RSV distributes in all Inner Mongolia regions, and the peak period of incidence is the winter and spring; the children under 3 years old have high susceptibility.