肾虚对豚鼠耳蜗血管纹毛细血管及听功能影响的研究

Study on Influence of Kidney Deficiency on Blood Capillary of Cochlea Stria Vascularis and Auditory Function of Guinea Pigs

目的:观察肾虚对豚鼠耳蜗血管纹毛细血管及听功能的影响,为进一步研究中医"肾开窍于耳"的理论以及阐明肾虚致聋机制提供实验基础。方法:筛选健康活泼、耳廓反射灵敏的白色红目豚鼠40只,随机分成肾虚模型组和正常对照组,利用糖皮质激素制备豚鼠"肾虚"模型,造模完成后测试各组豚鼠ABR阈值以及90 dB SPL给声强度下Ⅲ波潜伏期。断头处死豚鼠,取出各组听泡,苏木素伊红染色后进行血管纹铺片,显微镜下观察血管纹毛细血管病理改变及计算各组铺片的血管纹毛细血管面积与视野面积的比值。结果:(1)造模后肾虚模型组豚鼠ABR阈值显著提高,且90 dB SPL给声强度下Ⅲ波潜伏期明显延后,两者与正常对照组相比有显著性差异(P<0.01);(2)肾虚模型组豚鼠耳蜗血管纹毛细血管出现断流或红细胞淤积现象,且其毛细血管面积比值明显小于对照组,统计结果显示两者相比有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:肾虚可引起耳蜗血管纹毛细血管面积比值降低、血管收缩,出现断流或红细胞淤积现象,有可能是造成听功能减退的原因之一。

Objective：To observe the influence of kidney deficiency on blood capillary of cochlea stria vascularis and auditory function of guinea pigs,in order to study the ＂kidney and ear has inner relationships＂ theory and offer laboratory data to explain＂kidney deficiency leads to deaf＂ mechanism.Methods：40 guinea-pigs were randomly divided into two groups：normal control group and kidney deficiency model group.Glucocorticoid was used to build kidney deficiency model on guinea-pigs.After molding,ABR threshold value and latent period of Ⅲ wave under the 90 dB SPL sound intensity were determined on guinea-pigs.Guinea-pigs were sacrificed and bullae were taken out to make eosin staining and to conduct stria vascularis streched preparation.The pathologic change of blood capillary of cochlea stria vascularis was observed under a microscope and the ratio between area of blood capillary of cochlea stria vascularis and view area of the preparation was calculated.Results：（1） ABR threshold value of kidney deficiency model group was obviously raised and latent period of Ⅲ wave under the 90 dB SPL sound intensity was obviously prolonged,and there were significant differences to compared with normal group （P ＜ 0.01）.（2） There were phenomena that blood capillary of cochlea stria vascularis set off and erythrocyte deposited in kidney deficiency model group and its area ratio was less than that of control group,and it showed that there were significant differences between them （P ＜0.05）.Conclusion：Kidney deficiency could lead to the decrease of area ratio of blood capillary of cochlea stria vascularis,vasoconstriction,or phenomena of capillary set off or erythrocyte deposited,which was probably the reason of deafness.