超声影像在月国窝囊肿诊断中的应用价值

The Application Value of Ultrasound Imaging in the Diagnosis of Popliteal Cyst

目的分析月国窝囊肿的超声影像特征,探讨其超声成像的病理基础,并与病理组织学相比较,提高月国窝囊肿的超声诊断价值,为临床治疗提供诊断依据。方法对下肢有月国窝包块的患者使用高频探头进行检查,选取45例经手术后病理证实的月国窝囊肿患者,对其位置、形态、大小、边界、囊壁厚薄、内部回声特点、后方回声有无增强、与关节腔相通与否、彩色多普勒血流信号有无及病理资料进行分析。结果月国窝囊肿位于下肢月国窝及其周围,单侧多于双侧,囊肿边界不规则,囊壁较薄,部分可有分隔,囊肿显示与关节腔相通20例(占44.4%),囊肿与关节腔不相通25例(占55.6%),囊内回声呈现多样性。大致可分为4种:(1)单纯液性无回声区22例(占48.9%),后方回声偏强;(2)囊内为细密点状弱回声16例(占35.5%),呈悬浮状,可飘动,后方回声略偏强;(3)囊内除细密点状弱回声,还可见点状强回声斑,伴声影3例(占6.7%);(4)囊内可见光带分隔为多房4例(占8.9%),后方回声略偏强;所有包块彩色多普勒显示内部均无血流信号。结论依据肿物的部位、超声影像特征判断月国窝囊肿的特点,以及其与关节腔的关系,为临床提供准确诊断信息。

Objective To analyze the ultrasonic features of popliteal fossa cyst, pathology of the ultrasonic imaging, and compared with the pathologic, increase the value of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of popliteal fossa cyst, provide evidence for clinical diagnosis treatment. Methods Patients with popliteal mass using high frequency probe to inspect the lower limb, we selected 45 cases of patients with popliteal cyst confirmed by pathology after operation, the position, shape, size, boundary, internal echocharacteristics of cystic wall thickness, posterior echoenhancement, with or without, and the joint cavity, and nocolor Doppler flow signal according to pathological data were analyzed. Results The popliteal cyst located in the lower limbs of popliteal fossa and its surrounding, unilateral than bilateral, cyst of irregular boundary, the cyst wall is thin, part can beseparated, cyst showed 20 cases and the joint cavity （ 44. 4 % ）, cyst and articular cavity not communicated in 25 cases （55.6%）, cystic echo showed diversity, can be broadly classified 4： （1 ） simple liquid echo - free area in 22 cases （ 48. 9 % ）, posterior echo is strong; （2） in the capsule is finepunctate weak echo in 16 cases （ 35. 5 % ）, is suspended, canfloat, rear echo is slightly strong; （ 3） capsule in addition tofine punctate weak echo, also visible echoes spot, with acoustic shadow in 3 cases （6. 7 %） ; （4 ）sac visible light is divided into multiple real in 4 cases （ 8. 9 % ）, posterior echo is slightly strong; all the mass of color Doppler showed no blood flow signal. Conclusion On the basis of tumor location, sonographic characteristics determine characteristics of popliteal fossa cyst, and its relationship with the joint cavity, to provide accurate information for clinical diagnosis.