4Pillai SB,Besner GE.Pediatric testicular problerms[].Pediatric Clinics of North America.1998
5Skog SJ.Benign and malignant pediatric scrotal masses[].Pediatric Clinics of North America.1997
6Tryfonas G,Violaki A,Tsikopoulos G,et al.Late postoperative results in males treated for testicular torsion during childhood[].Journal of Pediatric Surgery.1994
7Henderson JA,Smey P,Cohen MS,et al.The effect of unilateral testicular torsion on the contralateral testicle in prepubertal chinese hamasters[].Journal of Pediatric Surgery.1985
8Hadziselimovic F,Geneto R,Emmons LR.Increased apoptosis in contralateral testes of patients with testicular torsion as factor for infertility[].The Journal of Urology.1998
9Krarup T.The tests after torsion[].British Journal of Urology.1978
10Kass EJ,Lundak B.The acute scrotum[].J Ped Clin North Am.1997
4Wang JZ. Clinical effects of nursing intervention for testicular torsion[J]. Inner Mongolia Medical Journal, 2014,46( 1 ) :120.
5Xin Y, Wu XQ. Clinical effects of nursing pathway for leukemia patients during chemotherapy[ J]. Chin J Mod Nurs, 2010, 16 (32) :3902-3904.
6Chen DY. Application of the participatory health education on diabetic patients[Jl. Chin J Mod Nurs, 2014, 20(10) : 1127- 1129.
7Li F, Ding R, Gao JY, et al. Clinical care and the eanses of testicular torsion in children[ J]. J Nurs Train, 2010, 25 (19) : 1765-1767.
8Shi ZQ, Sun GC. Causes of delay diagnosis of testicular torsion (32 cases report attached) [ J ]. The Journal of MediCal Theory and Practice, 2012, 26 ( 16 ) :2007-2008.
9Zhou H, Wu XB, Chen SX. Clinical treatment of testicular torsion: 20 cases report [J]. Journal of Yangtze University ( Natural Science Edition), 2014, 11 (7) :33-34.
10Sparano A, Acampora C, Scaglione M, et al. Using color power Doppler unttrasound imaging to diagnose the acute scrotum. A pictorial essay[ J ]. Emerg Radial, 2008, 15 (5) :289-294. DOI : 10. 1007/s10140-008-0710-9.
