德行论视域下的环境伦理学

On the Virtue Content and Features of Environmental Ethics

作为伦理学的一门分支研究领域,环境伦理学兴起于1970年代,是理解人类与环境间关系并找出人类与环境互动应遵循的规范的尝试。早期环境伦理研究的着重点是"权利"的概念与环境正义的争取。环境伦理学探讨人类对环境应遵循的义务,不仅是行动的义务,更应该是品格的规范。环境德行伦理学的出现,就是从德行论的角度来看环境伦理学,要对人在环境中应培养的品格典范给予明确的说明。目前推行环境教育应首重环境品德的培养。

Environmental ethics is an attempt to explain the relationship between human and environment and discover the norm humans have to observe in their interaction with environment. Early studies of environmental eth- ics emphatically investigated the concept of ＂environmental justice＂ and pursuit of environmental right. However, environmental ethics concerns not merely the duty of environmental action but the norm to environmental quality, which is exactly what ethics of environmental virtues try to specify. Environmental virtues refer to our capacity and temperament to appreciate the beauty and mystery of nature, which makes us appreciate, respect and love natural ecology and environment and offer us qualifications of discussing development and preservation of environment and ecology.