中、东部地区基本农田规划管制农户福利损失及区域差异分析

Farmers' Welfare Loss and Regional Difference: The Impact of Primary Farmland Planning Control in Central and Eastern China

研究目的:比较基本农田保护规划管制给东部和中部地区农户带来的可能福利损失及其差异性。研究方法:期望效用理论和对比分析方法。研究结果:(1)基本农田保护区规划对农民土地发展权及福利会带来一定程度的影响,规划管制给东、中部地区农户带来的福利损失分别为42521元/hm2·a和20309元/hm2·a,经济发达的东部地区农户的福利损失是中部地区的2.09倍。东部地区户均耕地远远小于中部,且东部地区的增量建设用地极为有限,所以东部的土地价值大于中部。(2)中部地区发生占用基本农田建房、建坟、改园、取土、挖塘、闲置等禁止性行为的概率为0.39,而东部地区发生这些禁止性行为的概率仅为0.1,说明在耕地保有目标限制下基本农田保护政策在东部经济发达地区得到较为有效的宣传。(3)以日常管制中发生频率最高的改园、取土、挖塘、闲置荒芜等禁止性活动为依据,中部地区农户的福利损失为3186—5274元/hm2·a,东部地区农户的福利损失为563—11572元/hm2·a,禁止取土行为几乎不会对东部地区农户的福利产生影响。研究结论:经济发展水平不同地区的农户对农田未来用途的预期不同,进而规划管制给他们带来的可能福利损失也有差异,在进行农田保护经济补偿时应区别对待,提高规划管制效率。

The purpose of this paper is to compare the welfare loss of the farmers due to the planning control of primary farmland in the central and eastern China. Method employed is expected utility theory and comparative analysis. The results indicate that 1） the planning control of basic farmland had negative effect on the farmers＇ right of land development and welfare. Welfare losses due to the planning control are 20309 yuan/hm2 · a and 42521 yuan/hm2· a for the eastern and central regions, respectively. The welfare loss of farmers in the eastern is 2.09 times than that of the central region. The results are consistent with the reality, because that eukivated land per household in the eastern part isfar less than that in central region and the incremental eonstrucnon lana is much more constrained in eastern region.2）, The probabilities of the farmer in central and eastern region to use the basic farmland for construction of houses, tombs, orchards, ponds for fish breeding discontinuing land and other uses under primary farmland planning control are 0.39 and O. 1, respectively. Because of the arable land limited, the primary farmland protection policy is propagandized effectively in the eastern area. S） Conducted on prohibitive acts which happen in the daily regulation of prime farmland planning control, such as changing gardens, doing harm farming, breeding fish, and discontinuing land, we found the welfare losses in central and eastern region are S 186 to 5274 yuan/hm2 · a and 563 to 11572 yuan/hm2 · a, respectively. Prohibition of digging earth doesn＇ t affect the welfare of farmers in eastern region. It is concluded that farmers rely differently on the primary farmland in different areas at different economic development level. The planning control of primary farmland will bring different welfare loss to them. Therefore, farmers in different areas should be treated with different compensation so as to promote the efficiency of regulation.