牛粪处理方式对黑土胡敏酸和富里酸的影响

Effects of different cattle manures on humic acid and fulvic acid in Black Soil

【目的】研究施用经不同方式处理的牛粪后,黑土胡敏酸(HA)和富里酸(FA)元素组成及不同结合态腐殖质中HA和FA的变化。【方法】2011-05-10,通过盆栽试验,以不施牛粪为对照(CK),采用元素分析仪分析新鲜牛粪、腐解牛粪、蛴螬牛粪对黑土中HA、FA组分的影响,通过计算比较不同牛粪处理对黑土HA、FA热力学参数的影响,并对施用不同处理牛粪后土壤中松结态、联结态、稳结态腐殖质中的HA、FA进行分析。【结果】与CK相比,不同牛粪处理提高了土壤中HA和FA的C、H、N含量,降低了O含量。施用牛粪后,FA的能态及热稳定性提高,并且HA和FA的形成都是自发进行的放热反应;松结态和稳结态腐殖质中HA和FA含量提高,且HA分子的复杂程度也明显提高。【结论】施用不同处理的牛粪可改善黑土腐殖质活性,其中以施用腐解牛粪的效果较好。

[Objective] Effects of cattle manures treated by different methods on elemental composi- tions of humic acid （HA） and fulvie acid （FA） and contents of HA and FA in different humus combination states in Black Soil were studied. [Method] Pot experiments were conducted from May to October 2011 with no cattle manure application as the control （CK）. The effects of different cattle manures （fresh,de- composed,and grub） on elemental compositions of HA and FA were analyzed and on thermodynamic pa- rameters of HA and FA were calculated. And contents of HA and FA in different eombination states of soil humus were analyzed as well. [Result] Compared with CK, application of cattle manures processed differ- ently enhanced of the contents of carbon （C） ,hydrogen （H） and nitrogen （N） ,while decreased the eontent of oxygen（O）. Application of cow manure increased the energy states and the thermal stability of FA in Black Soil. The formation of HA and FA was spontaneous exothermic reaction. The contents of HA and FA,and the complexity of HA in loosely and stably combining soil humus were all increased. [Conclusion] Application of cattle manures increased humic activity of Black Soil. The effect of decomposed cow dung was the more effective than that of the other treatments.