中国与越南褐飞虱和白背飞虱生物型研究

Studies on biotypes of the brown and white-backed planthopper in China and Vietnam

【目的】监测我国与越南褐飞虱Nilaparvata lugens St?l和白背飞虱Sogatella furcifera Horvath生物型,为抗虫育种工作提供指导。【方法】应用群体集团检测法和蜜露量检测法研究了中国广西、云南、河南、湖南、重庆、贵州和越南河内、河静、顺化、胡志明市和九龙江田间褐飞虱和白背飞虱的致害特性和生物型组成结构。【结果】我国主要稻区(除云南思茅外)和越南中北部的田间褐飞虱以Ⅱ型的比例多,对含Bph1、bph2基因的鉴别品种表现为致害;云南思茅的田间褐飞虱以Ⅱ+Ⅱ型的比例多,对含Bph1、bph2和bph4基因的鉴别品种表现为致害或强致害;越南胡志明市、九龙江的田间褐飞虱以Ⅱ+Ⅱ型的比例多,对含Bph1、bph2、Bph3、bph4基因的鉴别品种主要表现为致害或强致害。我国白背飞虱以Ⅰ型比例较多;越南顺化和河内以Ⅱ型比例多;所有监测点白背飞虱的致害特性总体表现为对含Wph1、Wbph2基因的鉴别品种的致害能力较强,对Wbph3的致害能力表现不一,对含Wph5基因的鉴别品种表现为中等致害。【结论】抗虫育种选择抗源时,不要选含Bph1、bph2基因的水稻品种作为褐飞虱抗源,不要选含基因Wbph1或Wbph2的水稻品种作为白背飞虱抗源。

[Objectives] In order to provide guidance for breeding insect-resistant rice crops, biotypes of the brown and white-backed planthopper （BPH and WBPH） were investigated in China and Vietnam. [Methods] Population group detection and honeydew quantity detection methods were used to study the virulence characteristics and the biotype structure of BPH and WBPH collected from Guangxi, Yunnan, Henan, Hunan, Chongqing and Guizhong in China, and Hanoi, Ha Tinh, Hue, Ho Chi Mirth City and Song Cull Long in Vietnam. [Results] Biotype Ⅱ was comprised a greater proportion of BPH populations collected from the main rice planting areas in China and the central and northern parts of Vietnam. These BPH populations showed virulence to rice varieties with the Bphl or bph2 gene. A greater proportion of BiotypesⅡ ＋Ⅲwas found in BPH populations collected from Simao, China, and this population showed virulence, or strong virulence, to varieties with the Bphl or bph2 or bph4 gene. A greater proportion of Biotype Ⅱ ＋ Ⅲ was found in BPH populations collected from Ho Chi Minh City and Song Cuu Long in Vietnam. These populations showed virulence, or strong virulence, to varieties with theBphl, bph2, Bph3 or bph4 gene. A greater proportion of the Biotype Ⅰ gene was found in WBPH populations collected from different sites in China. The largest proportion of the Biotype III was found in populations collected from Hanoi, Ha Tinh and Hue in Vietnam. All WBPH populations were strongly virulent to rice varieties with the Wbphl or Wbph2 genes, variable in virulence to varieties with the Wbph3 gene, and of moderate virulence to varieties with the Wbph5 gene. [Conclusion] Rice varieties with the Bphl or bph2 gene should not be selected to breed plants resistant to BPH and varieties with the Wbphl or Wbph2 gene should not be selected to breed plants resistant to WBPH.