风洞技术

The windtunnel technique

风洞技术是测定信息化学物质对昆虫行为影响研究中非常重要的实验手段,可为确定信息物质的浓度、配比提供参考,也可辅助诱芯的改进和诱捕器的设计。实际上风洞实验是一种信息物质田间应用前的室内模拟测试。风洞实验前要做好充分的准备,观察和记录的指标因测试的是性信息素还是植物挥发物而不同。本文重点介绍了风洞实验的具体操作步骤,列举了风洞技术在苹果蠹蛾Cydia pomonella多成分性信息素研究和葡萄藤蛾Lobesia botrana对葡萄主要挥发物的行为反应研究中的两个应用实例,最后还讨论了风洞与嗅觉仪的区别、风洞的优缺点,以及风洞的日常维护等。

The windtunnel is an important tool for bioassays of the effects of infochemicals on insect behavior and can be used to improve lures and traps by testing suitable concentrations or component ratios of infochemicals, Windtunnels allow the testing of infochemicals under controlled laboratory conditions prior to their application in the field. All necessary preparations should be made before a windtunnel test, and the parameters to be observed and recorded should determined based on the type of chemical to be tested; i.e. insect sex pheromones or plant allelochemicals. In this paper, detailed procedures for the windtunnel tests are provided and two examples of the use of windtunnels to test insect pheromones and plant volatiles are given. Differences between the windtunnel testing and olfactometer assays, and the advantages and shortcomings of using windtunnels, as well as their maintenance, are discussed.