1307号台风“苏力”台风浪数值模拟

Simulation of the Wave Field Caused by 1307 Typhoon "Soulik"

以T639预报风场驱动目前国际先进的第三代海浪模式WW3(WAVEWATCH-III),对发生在2013年7月中旬的1307号台风"苏力"所致的海浪场进行数值模拟,并利用来自台湾岛、朝鲜半岛、日本的浮标观测资料,验证模拟台风浪场的有效性,进而对台风浪的结构特征进行分析,以期为台风浪场的数值预报、防灾减灾等提供科学依据.结果表明:1)以T639预报风场驱动WW3海浪模式,模拟的台风浪场较好地刻画了台风"苏力"的结构特征;2)与浮标观测资料对比发现,模拟有效波高整体上具有较高精度,与观测值在曲线走势上保持了较好的一致性,在数值上稍大于观测值;3)澎湖浮标站处的模拟有效波高与观测值出现较大差异,这应该与台湾海峡的复杂地形、T639预报风场在台湾海峡的准确度有关;4)台风海浪场与海表风场表现出较好的一致性,台风位于大洋时,高值中心的有效波高可达13m以上,台风逼近福建沿海时,带来了11m左右的巨浪.

In this study,the wave field caused by typhoon ＂Soulik＂ is simulated by using WW3 （WAVEWATCH III） wave model, with T639 forecasting wind data as the driving field.Then the precision of simulation wave data is verified by using observation data from Taiwan Island,Korean Peninsula and Japan.The structure characteristics of the typhoon wave are also analyzed in this paper. Results show that： 1） The simulation typhoon wave field does well in embodying the structure characteristics of the typhoon ＂Soulik＂ when use T639 forecasting wind field to drive WW3 wave model.The simulation significant wave height （SWH） has good consisten cy with the observation SWH.2） Through comparison with buoy observation data, the simulation SWH keeps well consistency with observation data on variation trend,and the simulation SWH possesses relatively high precision accuracy with the numerical value be- ing little greater than the observation data.3） The relatively large bias between simulation value and observation data at Penghu buoy site may be caused by the complex terrain and the accuracy of T639 forecasting wind data at Taiwan Strait.4） The typhoon wave field is well consistent with the sea surface wind field.The SWH at high value center could reach 13 m when the typhoon locates in the o- cean,and when the typhoon approaches the offshore areas of Fujian,it causes 11 m surge.