以事件为操作单位的英汉翻译

Operating unit of English-Chinese translation for events

英汉翻译时英语源语往往可采纳多种汉语译文表达,译文传达的意思虽相近或相同,但译文在语义、句法和语用方面已有差别。通常翻译在确保语义对等的基础上,尽量完成其他一个或两个层面的对等,即在翻译活动中可以允许语义对等的前提下的句法、语用层面不对等情况存在。文章着重强调英汉翻译中的"事件化",即选取事件作为翻译单位,从语义、句法和语用三个层面判断一个句子或句子成分的事件性强弱。在理论上将事件由单一的语言讨论范畴引向跨语领域。在实践上通过"事件性"为单位操作英汉翻译,帮助学习者认识跨语转换过程中的事件化特点,同时也有助于提高英汉翻译实践能力。

The source texts are likdy to be expressed in a variety of ways in English to Chinese translation. Although the meanings of the versions are similar, the differences in semantic, syntactic, and pragmatic levels exist. To make sure that the versions are equivalent at least on semantic level, translators could try to bring about equivalence on one of the other two levels or on both of them. Therefore, as long as equivalence is achieved on the semantic level, the non-correspondence on the syntactic and pragmatic levels is acceptable. The author puts emphasis on eventualization in English-Chinese translation. With event as the translating unit, translation can be performed by strengthening or weakening the eventuality of an original sentence on semantic, syntactic, or praganatic levels. This approach is theoretically significance since it draws inspiration from event semantics and enriches translation studies after appropriate adaptation and modification. Moreover, it is also practically significant for it can shed light on the translator＇ s understanding and application of event as unit in the process of translation.