难处理赤铁矿选矿技术研究现状及发展趋势

Research Status and Development Trend of Beneficiation Technology on Complex Hematite

论述了我国细粒、微细粒嵌布难处理赤铁矿石选矿工艺技术、关键设备、浮选药剂的研究现状与进展。以处理鞍山地区贫赤铁矿、太钢袁家村铁矿、湖南祁东铁矿、湖南江口式铁矿、宁乡式鲕状赤铁矿选矿工艺为例,介绍了我国赤铁矿选矿工艺的研究现状及存在的问题和解决方案。针对我国赤铁矿资源嵌布粒度微细且伴生组分与回收目的铁矿物物理化学性质相近的特点,指出开发高效、低能耗的立式搅拌磨、卧式搅拌磨等超细磨设备是降低微细粒嵌布赤铁矿选矿成本的关键;研发能对-0.038 mm粒级赤铁矿实现高效经济回收的高梯度强磁选机替代絮凝脱泥浮选工艺,可以节约选矿成本并降低药剂对环境的影响;与传统浮选机相比,浮选柱具有处理量大、占地面积少、能耗低、泡沫密集等优势,浮选柱的研发及其在赤铁矿选矿工艺中的优化是提高资源回收利用率的有效途径;研发具有耐低温性、高选择性、低用量的赤铁矿浮选捕收剂对实现矿山的节能减排、清洁生产具有非常重要的意义。

The research status and development tendency of beneficiation technology, key equip- ments and flotation reagents for Chinag fine and micro-fine disseminated refractory hematite ore was sum- marized. Research status, problems and also solutions for dealing with hematite was introduced through examples of hematite in Anshan region, Yuanjiacun iron ore of TISCO, Qidong iron ore of Hunan prov- ince, estuary type iron ore of Hunan province, Ningxiang type oolitic hematite. Hematite deposits in our country have characteristics of finely disseminated and closely associated with gangue minerals of similar physical and chemical properties. The key to reduce beneficiation costs of micro-fine disseminated hema- tite is to develop high efficient and low energy consumption of ultrafine grinding mills, vertical vibratory mills, horizontal vibratory mills, etc. Research and develop of high intensity magnetic separator, which can efficiently and economically separate hematite with grain size of - 0. 038 mm, to replace flocculation- desliming flotation beneficiation process can save costs and reduce environmental pollution from reagents. Compared with conventional flotation machines, flotation column have advantages of large quantity, small footprint, low energy consumption, density foam etc. development of flotation and its optimal utilization in hematite beneficiation process is an effective way to improve the recovery and utilization rate of re- sources. Research and develop hematite flotation collectors with low-temperature resistance, high selec- tivity, low dosage in separation was significantly important for energy conservation and cleaner production of mine.