义兵论与秦汉军争的合法性阐释

The Conception of Righteous Military Action and the Legitimacy of Military Contention in the Qin and Han Period

由周秦义政论发展而来的义兵说,得到了包括兵家在内的诸子们的认同,成为对秦汉军事行为合法性进行阐释的理据。特别是《吕氏春秋》所倡导的义兵论,构成强秦统一六国的有力依据。刘邦为义帝发丧,成为楚汉之争的军事转折点。西汉在处理民族军争时,仍以"义"为基本策略,将华夷之防转化为华夷共存,形成了具有文明史意义的地缘政治观。

The theory of righteous military action based upon earlier theory of righteous politics in the Zhou and Qin dynasties were recongnized by different schools including the School of Strategy. Accordinly, this theory was used to explain the ligitmacy of military actions during the Qin and Han periods. Especially, the interpretation version of this theory in Lushi Chunqiu(《吕氏春秋》) fuctioned signifi catly in the process of the Qin unifi cation. Liu Bang( 刘邦)'s holding funeral for Yidi( 义帝) constituted the real turning point in the competation between the Chu and the Han powers. The Western Han government continued to apply this theory in dealing with the relationship with the surrounding ethnic groups. This theory therefore, became a particular gero-political perspective.