再现、话语与“东方化东方”——萨义德东方主义批判新论

On Said's Criticism of Orientalism

无论是对于萨义德个人的学术生涯,还是对于西方当代文化批评史乃至当代全球文化研究领域,《东方学》因其显著的批判性产生了非同寻常的划时代意义。在《东方学》中,萨义德从方法论意义上借鉴了福柯的话语概念,并在内涵上进行了适当的改造,用再现替代了福柯话语概念中陈述的位置,构成了东方主义话语批判的基本单元。因此,东方化东方实际上就是再现东方的行动,其中隐匿着"想象地理学"与文本图示化处置方式之间循环流动与反复印证的内在逻辑。萨义德的东方主义话语批判正是基于此进行的体系拆解和逆向解构过程。

Whether it is for Said＇s academic career, or for the history of contemporary western cultural criti- cism and global culture studies, Orientalism has epochal significance because of its significant critical nature. In the Orientalism, Said drew on Foucauh＇s conception of discourse as the method and transformed its connotation ap- propriately. He made representation the base unit of criticism on Orientalism discourse, and replaced statement in Foueauh＇s conception of discourse. Hence, orientalizing the East is the action of representing the East in which exists the intrinsic logic between cyclical circulation and repeated confirmation of ＂imagined geography＂ and the way of processing the text icon. On this basis, Said aimed to deeonstruct the Orientalism discourse by his inverse criticism.